{"id":79,"date":"2026-10-12T11:14:22","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T11:14:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/?p=79"},"modified":"2026-10-12T11:15:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T11:15:00","slug":"your-expansion-is-on-a-9-loan-your-own-cash-is-doing-a-5-5-job","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/?p=79","title":{"rendered":"Your Expansion Is on a 9% Loan. Your Own Cash Is Doing a 5.5% Job."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exports were growing. The banker was pleased that the limits were hardly used. And every month, the project EMI left the current account, and the export business quietly paid what the project could not.<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<!-- FX Capital India \u00b7 Audit Notes, Part 1 \u00b7 WordPress body (title and subtitle excluded) -->\n<!-- Paste into a Custom HTML block. Colour pairs: navy #0B2545 \/ white #FFFFFF \u00b7 light #F3F6FA \/ ink #1B2A41 \u00b7 amber #FFF5DC \/ brown #5A4300 -->\n<div class=\"cff-wrap\" style=\"max-width:760px;margin:0 auto;font-family:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;font-size:18px;line-height:1.7;color:#1B2A41;\">\n\n<p>Exports were growing. The banker was pleased that the limits were hardly used. And every month, the project EMI left the current account, and the export business quietly paid what the project could not.<\/p>\n\n<p>That was the picture at the first exporter in this series.<\/p>\n\n<!-- Insight box (navy \/ white) -->\n<div style=\"background:#0B2545;border-radius:10px;padding:24px 26px;margin:28px 0;\">\n<p style=\"color:#FFFFFF;font-size:20px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.5;margin:0 0 12px 0;\">\u20b944 crore of post-shipment working capital is funded with owners&#8217; money, while the project runs on term loans at 9%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#FFFFFF;font-size:17px;line-height:1.65;margin:0;\">Post-shipment credit costs 5.25% after subvention (8% less 2.75%). Let the bank fund \u20b936 crore, the amount the subvention cap covers, and use that cash to repay term loans. The group saves \u20b92.8\u20133.5 crore a year, including the forward premium on its euro bills.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:26px;line-height:1.3;margin:36px 0 12px 0;\">The situation<\/h2>\n\n<p>The group has two companies, each with its own IEC and GST registration. Together they sell about \u20b9135 crore a year, mostly exports in euros, all on 120-day credit.<\/p>\n\n<p>A few years ago the group invested about \u20b9100 crore in a new project, \u20b980 crore of it from banks. About \u20b953 crore is still outstanding. The EMI is about \u20b91.66 crore a month. The project brings in about \u20b91 crore a month.<\/p>\n\n<p>That leaves a gap of <strong>\u20b966 lakh every month<\/strong>, which the export business pays.<\/p>\n\n<p>At the same time, about \u20b928 crore of sanctioned export credit limits were completely unused. The group was financing its entire export cycle from its own pocket.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:26px;line-height:1.3;margin:36px 0 12px 0;\">How it happens<\/h2>\n\n<p>It starts with success. Exports do well and cash builds up. The owners use it to buy raw material and to carry buyers for 120 days. Not drawing on bank limits feels prudent.<\/p>\n\n<p>By the time the project comes along, the cash is already inside the export cycle:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>Stock of \u20b925\u201330 crore. After supplier credit, that is a pre-shipment need of about \u20b911 crore per company, or \u20b922 crore for the group.<\/li>\n<li>Post-shipment working capital: annual turnover \u00d7 credit days \u00f7 365 = \u20b9135 crore \u00d7 120 \u00f7 365 = <strong>about \u20b944 crore<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>So the project goes to the bank as a term loan. That creates two mismatches.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Price.<\/strong> Export credit is the cheapest rupee borrowing an exporter can get. Eligible MSME exporters get interest subvention of 2.75%, a government subsidy on export credit, capped at \u20b950 lakh a year per IEC. Two companies with two IECs can claim up to \u20b91 crore a year. A term loan gets no such help.<\/p>\n\n<p>On top of that, when a euro bill is discounted in rupees, the forward rate for the bill&#8217;s due date is applied, by the bank or through the exporter&#8217;s own forward contract. At today&#8217;s euro premium of 4\u20136% a year, that premium can pay for most or all of the discounting interest. We explained this mechanism in <a href=\"https:\/\/sajanst.substack.com\/p\/post-shipment-credit-is-now-a-zero\" style=\"color:#0B2545;text-decoration:underline;\">Post-Shipment Credit Is Now a Zero-Interest Game<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Speed.<\/strong> Export credit revolves: each bill is repaid from its own proceeds. A term loan must be repaid every month, whether the asset has started paying or not. Here the project loans were due to be repaid within about four years, on assets built to last much longer. The project could pay its interest comfortably. It could not pay its repayment speed.<\/p>\n\n<p>So the owners&#8217; cash was doing a job the bank would do almost free. And the bank&#8217;s costliest money was doing a job the owners&#8217; cash should have done.<\/p>\n\n<h2 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:26px;line-height:1.3;margin:36px 0 12px 0;\">The numbers<\/h2>\n\n<p>Take only one step: discount the export bills with the bank and use the released cash to repay the costliest term loans first.<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;margin:20px 0 28px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;color:#1B2A41;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background:#0B2545;\">\n<th style=\"color:#FFFFFF;text-align:left;padding:10px 12px;\">Step<\/th>\n<th style=\"color:#FFFFFF;text-align:left;padding:10px 12px;\">Simple calculation<\/th>\n<th style=\"color:#FFFFFF;text-align:right;padding:10px 12px;white-space:nowrap;\">\u20b9 crore<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Post-shipment working capital<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Turnover \u00d7 credit days \u00f7 365 = 135 \u00d7 120 \u00f7 365<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Credit covered by subvention cap<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">\u20b91 crore (\u20b950 lakh \u00d7 2 IECs) \u00f7 2.75%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Owners&#8217; cash released to repay term loan<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Bank funds this amount<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">36<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Term loan interest saved a year<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">36 \u00d7 9%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">3.24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Post-shipment interest a year<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">36 \u00d7 8%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">2.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Less subvention<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">36 \u00d7 2.75%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">(0.99)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">Net cost of post-shipment credit<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">2.88 \u2212 0.99 (5.25%)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">1.89<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#0B2545;\">\n<td style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:10px 12px;font-weight:700;\">Interest saving a year<\/td>\n<td style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:10px 12px;\">3.24 \u2212 1.89, or 36 \u00d7 (9% \u2212 5.25%)<\/td>\n<td style=\"color:#FFFFFF;padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;font-weight:700;\">1.35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>Now add the forward premium on the \u20b936 crore of discounted euro bills:<\/p>\n\n<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;margin:20px 0 28px 0;\">\n<table style=\"width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;color:#1B2A41;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background:#0B2545;\">\n<th style=\"color:#FFFFFF;text-align:left;padding:10px 12px;\">Forward premium a year<\/th>\n<th style=\"color:#FFFFFF;text-align:right;padding:10px 12px;\">Premium earned<\/th>\n<th style=\"color:#FFFFFF;text-align:right;padding:10px 12px;\">Total saving a year<\/th>\n<th style=\"color:#FFFFFF;text-align:right;padding:10px 12px;\">Per month<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">4%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">36 \u00d7 4% = \u20b91.44 cr<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">1.35 + 1.44 = <strong>\u20b92.79 cr<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">\u20b923 lakh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">5%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">36 \u00d7 5% = \u20b91.80 cr<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">1.35 + 1.80 = <strong>\u20b93.15 cr<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">\u20b926 lakh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background:#FFFFFF;border-bottom:1px solid #DCE3EC;\">\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;\">6%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">36 \u00d7 6% = \u20b92.16 cr<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">1.35 + 2.16 = <strong>\u20b93.51 cr<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 12px;text-align:right;\">\u20b929 lakh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n\n<p>That closes about 35\u201345% of the \u20b966 lakh monthly gap, without the group borrowing a rupee more in total. Debt moves from a fixed-repayment term loan to a revolving export facility that repays itself from each shipment.<\/p>\n\n<!-- Caveats box (amber \/ brown) -->\n<div style=\"background:#FFF5DC;border-left:5px solid #5A4300;border-radius:8px;padding:20px 24px;margin:28px 0;\">\n<p style=\"color:#5A4300;font-size:18px;font-weight:700;margin:0 0 10px 0;\">Three honest caveats<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#5A4300;font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;margin:0 0 10px 0;\"><strong style=\"color:#5A4300;\">Most of the interest saving comes from the subvention.<\/strong> Without it, the gap is only 9% \u2212 8% = 1%, and the saving falls to 36 \u00d7 1% = \u20b936 lakh a year.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#5A4300;font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;margin:0 0 10px 0;\"><strong style=\"color:#5A4300;\">The premium is a new gain only if the bills are unhedged today.<\/strong> If you already book forwards on own-funded bills, you earn the premium now, and your gain is the \u20b91.35 crore.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#5A4300;font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;margin:0;\"><strong style=\"color:#5A4300;\">Limits must go up.<\/strong> \u20b928 crore is sanctioned against \u20b936 crore needed. An enhancement has to be agreed before the release.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:26px;line-height:1.3;margin:36px 0 12px 0;\">The rule<\/h2>\n\n<!-- Rule blockquote (light \/ ink) -->\n<blockquote style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-left:5px solid #0B2545;border-radius:8px;padding:20px 24px;margin:20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"color:#1B2A41;font-size:19px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.55;margin:0 0 12px 0;\">Long-life assets on long loans. The operating cycle on export credit. Own funds as margin and as your share of the project, never as a substitute for the cheapest credit you are entitled to.<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#1B2A41;font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;margin:0;\">Export credit must be used for exports. Under the RBI Master Circular on Rupee \/ Foreign Currency Export Credit, packing credit funds the purchase, processing and packing of export goods and is liquidated from export proceeds. You cannot draw export credit and pay it into a term loan. What you can do is stop funding exports from your own cash. The cash that frees up is yours, and that is what repays the costly loan.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n<h2 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:26px;line-height:1.3;margin:36px 0 12px 0;\">What to do<\/h2>\n\n<!-- Card grid (light \/ ink) -->\n<div style=\"display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(220px,1fr));gap:16px;margin:20px 0 28px 0;\">\n<div style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-radius:10px;padding:18px 20px;\">\n<h3 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:18px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 8px 0;\">1. Measure your post-shipment working capital<\/h3>\n<p style=\"color:#1B2A41;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;margin:0;\">Annual turnover \u00d7 credit days \u00f7 365. Compare it with your post-shipment credit actually used.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-radius:10px;padding:18px 20px;\">\n<h3 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:18px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 8px 0;\">2. List your term loans<\/h3>\n<p style=\"color:#1B2A41;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;margin:0;\">Rate, months left and prepayment charge for each. Get prepayment terms from your bank in writing.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-radius:10px;padding:18px 20px;\">\n<h3 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:18px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 8px 0;\">3. Count your subvention<\/h3>\n<p style=\"color:#1B2A41;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;margin:0;\">\u20b950 lakh per IEC a year. Check how much has been credited this year and how much credit that cap can still cover.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-radius:10px;padding:18px 20px;\">\n<h3 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:18px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 8px 0;\">4. Check the rate on your bills<\/h3>\n<p style=\"color:#1B2A41;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;margin:0;\">Ask what forward rate was applied to each discounted bill, and whether the premium is reaching you.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-radius:10px;padding:18px 20px;\">\n<h3 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:18px;line-height:1.35;margin:0 0 8px 0;\">5. Release in stages<\/h3>\n<p style=\"color:#1B2A41;font-size:15px;line-height:1.6;margin:0;\">Agree the limit enhancement first. Discount new bills over two or three months, and prepay the costliest loan first, keeping the end date so the EMI falls.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:26px;line-height:1.3;margin:36px 0 12px 0;\">Check your own books<\/h2>\n\n<ol>\n<li>What was your average use of export credit limits over the last 12 months?<\/li>\n<li>How many crores of export bills are outstanding today, and how much of that is funded by the bank?<\/li>\n<li>What is the highest rate on any of your term loans?<\/li>\n<li>Does each project pay its own EMI, or does the export business cover the gap?<\/li>\n<li>How much subvention has been credited against each of your IECs this financial year?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n<p>If your limits are mostly idle and your highest term-loan rate is above 8%, this case is probably about you too.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"font-size:15px;font-style:italic;color:#1B2A41;\">General education, not advice for a specific company. Case figures are rounded and anonymised. Subvention rules, interest rates and forward premiums change; the premium range reflects October 2026 and may have moved. Confirm the current position with your bank and CA before acting.<\/p>\n\n<!-- Next Part CTA (light \/ ink) -->\n<div style=\"background:#F3F6FA;border-radius:10px;padding:20px 24px;margin:32px 0 20px 0;\">\n<p style=\"color:#0B2545;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:1px;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0 0 6px 0;\">Next in Audit Notes<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#1B2A41;font-size:17px;line-height:1.6;margin:0;\">A different industry, and a line-by-line review of what one exporter&#8217;s banks charged it in a year.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<!-- fxcta footer (navy \/ white) -->\n<div class=\"fxcta\" style=\"background:#0B2545;border-radius:10px;padding:24px 26px;margin:20px 0 10px 0;\">\n<p style=\"color:#FFFFFF;font-size:20px;font-weight:700;line-height:1.4;margin:0 0 8px 0;\">Want a free working-capital health check?<\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#FFFFFF;font-size:16px;line-height:1.65;margin:0 0 16px 0;\">Send us your sanction letters and one month&#8217;s loan statements. We&#8217;ll show you how much of your own money is locked in the export cycle, and what it costs.<\/p>\n<p style=\"margin:0 0 16px 0;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/contact.html\" style=\"display:inline-block;background:#FFFFFF;color:#0B2545;font-weight:700;font-size:15px;padding:10px 20px;border-radius:6px;text-decoration:none;\">Book a call \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#FFFFFF;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;margin:0 0 6px 0;\">Sajan ST \u00b7 FX Capital India, Treasury Advisory \u00b7 <a href=\"mailto:sajanst@fxcapitalindia.in\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;\">sajanst@fxcapitalindia.in<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/918714225154\" style=\"color:#FFFFFF;\">8714225154<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"color:#FFFFFF;font-size:13px;font-style:italic;line-height:1.6;margin:0;\">Audit Notes is a series of case studies based on treasury audits carried out by FX Capital India across different industries.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Exports were growing. The banker was pleased that the limits were hardly used. And every month, the project EMI left the current account, and the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":80,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-79","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-case-studies"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=79"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":81,"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/79\/revisions\/81"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/80"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=79"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=79"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fxcapitalindia.in\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=79"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}